Wildfires Driven by Climate Change Are Increasing Global Air Pollution, Reports UN
Wildfires have emerged as a significant contributor to global air pollution, posing considerable threats to public health, infrastructure, and ecosystems, according to the latest report from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations’ weather and climate agency. The findings, released recently in the WMO’s fifth annual Air Quality and Climate Bulletin, underscore the far-reaching impact of wildfires, which are becoming more frequent due to climate change.
The WMO’s analysis highlights that wildfires in regions such as the Amazon, Canada, and Siberia can substantially degrade air quality across vast distances. These fires emit a complex mixture of pollutants—a “witches’ brew” as described by officials—that can affect air quality even a continent away. This phenomenon is increasingly recognized by scientists and policymakers alike as global environmental issues become ever more interconnected.
As the WMO indicates, wildfires are a major source of particulate matter pollution, particularly PM 2.5, which consists of tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres. These particles pose serious health risks, as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and cardiovascular systems of humans. The report indicates that last year’s wildfires were linked to above-average PM 2.5 levels in regions including Canada and central Africa, with the most notable increase occurring in the Amazon basin.
The urgency of addressing climate change and air quality in tandem is echoed by Ko Barrett, the WMO’s Deputy Secretary-General, who emphasizes that effectively safeguarding the planet and its communities hinges on coordinated action in these areas. This call for comprehensive strategies is crucial as air pollution is linked to an estimated 4.5 million premature deaths globally each year, according to the World Health Organization.
Moreover, the WMO urges countries to enhance monitoring processes and implement robust policies aimed at mitigating air pollution and protecting both human and environmental health. The organization has noted significant improvements in air quality in regions that have actively pursued air quality management measures. For instance, cities across Europe, as well as Shanghai and Beijing, have seen remarkable reductions in pollution levels attributable to sustained efforts over time.
These findings highlight the importance of international cooperation and proactive policies to combat air pollution, ensuring a healthier future for communities across the globe.
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